Mathematical modelling – a key to citiz...

The pandemic has demonstrated more than ever that citizens around the world need to understand how mathematics contributes to understanding global challenges and ways of overcoming them. People need to understand that predictions are based on models that make use of assumptions and the best inputs available. They also need to learn to critically evaluate reports based on the outcomes of models to make effective decisions and deal with the inherent uncertainty in an appropriate way. These capabilities make it clear that mathematical modelling is a key element of citizenship education. Given this fundamental role of modelling, we take a closer look at its defnition, its history, its connection to other teaching approaches, as well as the competences students need to carry through modelling processes and the competences teachers need for teaching modelling.